Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a main endocrine disorder relating the islet cell hormones. It is, in fact, the particular most known endocrine disorder. Approximations of the occurrence of diabetes range from 1 percent to 2 percent of the North American population.

Associated derangement of maternal metabolism also produce congenital malformations in as many as 10% of newborns. Cardiovascular and neurological defects are most often involved.